The impact of tax measures on environmental conservation and achieving sustainable developmentStudy and evaluation of tax in a view of modern economic developments

Abstract

The research aims to understand the impact of tax policies on the environment and the economy and to provide practical recommendations for designing future tax policies that promote environmental conservation and achieve sustainable development. By evaluating the tax in a view of recent economic developments, and that tax policies play an effective role in promoting environmental sustainability, encouraging companies to adopt sustainable environmental practices by providing tax incentives for environmental initiatives. Environmental taxes direct economic behavior towards the sustainable use of resources and promote the transition to environmentally friendly technologies and practices by imposing taxes on polluters and unsustainable practices. The researchers used a questionnaire form to sample academics in the city of Sulaymaniyah. 40 questionnaires were distributed electronically and were valid for analysis. Several results are confirmed, the most important of which is that tax procedures such as environmental taxes encourage international cooperation in the field of environmental conservation and promoting sustainable development. As a result, it is recommended there is a need to pay attention to developing effective mechanisms for assessing the environmental impact of tax policies, including estimating the impact on carbon emissions and consumption of natural resources.